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Finnish grammar

3. Cases

3.4 Locative cases – Missä? Mistä? Mihin?

  • Introduction

  • 1. Vowel harmony
  • 1.1 Vowel harmony

  • 2. KPT change
  • 2.1 Regular KPT change

  • 2.2 Reverse KPT change

  • 3. Cases
  • 3.1 Nominative / T-plural

  • 3.2 Genitive

  • 3.3 Partitive

  • 3.4 Locative cases – Missä? Mistä? Mihin?

  • 3.5 Use of locative cases

  • 3.6 Essive (-na/-nä) vs. translative (-ksi)

  • 4. Object
  • 4.1 Object formation and use

  • 5. Word types
  • 5.1 Word types ending in vowels

  • 5.2 Word types ending in consonants

  • 6. Verbs
  • 6.1 Personal conjugation of verbs

  • 6.2 Verb types

  • 6.3 Rection

  • 6.4 Verb + verb

  • 6.5 Past simple tense

  • 7. Plural partitive
  • 7.1 Use and formation of plural partitive

  • 8. Pronouns
  • 8.1 Personal pronouns

  • 8.2 Demonstrative pronouns

  • 9. Sentence types
  • 9.1 Sentence types

  • 10. Spoken language
  • 10.1 Vowel and consonant changes

  • 10.2 Verbs in spoken language

  • 10.3 Me passive

  • Introduction

  • 1. Vowel harmony

  • 1.1 Vowel harmony

  • 2. KPT change

  • 2.1 Regular KPT change

  • 2.2 Reverse KPT change

  • 3. Cases

  • 3.1 Nominative / T-plural

  • 3.2 Genitive

  • 3.3 Partitive

  • 3.4 Locative cases – Missä? Mistä? Mihin?

  • 3.5 Use of locative cases

  • 3.6 Essive (-na/-nä) vs. translative (-ksi)

  • 4. Object

  • 4.1 Object formation and use

  • 5. Word types

  • 5.1 Word types ending in vowels

  • 5.2 Word types ending in consonants

  • 6. Verbs

  • 6.1 Personal conjugation of verbs

  • 6.2 Verb types

  • 6.3 Rection

  • 6.4 Verb + verb

  • 6.5 Past simple tense

  • 7. Plural partitive

  • 7.1 Use and formation of plural partitive

  • 8. Pronouns

  • 8.1 Personal pronouns

  • 8.2 Demonstrative pronouns

  • 9. Sentence types

  • 9.1 Sentence types

  • 10. Spoken language

  • 10.1 Vowel and consonant changes

  • 10.2 Verbs in spoken language

  • 10.3 Me passive

Locative cases express location or direction of an action. Finnish has six locative cases:

Missä?

Koira on kopissa.
The dog is in the doghouse.

Minä olen kaupassa.
I am in the supermarket.

Televisio ja sohva ovat olohuoneessa.
The television and the sofa are in the living room.

Torilla myydään kukkia.
Flowers are sold on the marketplace.

Leipä on pöydällä.
The bread is on the table.

 

Mistä?

Koira tulee kopista.
The dog comes out of the doghouse.

Minä tulen kaupasta.
I’m coming from the supermarket.

Hae sanomalehti olohuoneesta.
Get the newspaper from the living room.

Minä tulen torilta.
I come from the marketplace.

Otan leivän pöydältä.
I take the bread from the table.

 

Mihin?

Koira menee koppiin.
The dog goes into the doghouse.

Minä menen kauppaan.
I go to the supermarket.

Hän laittoi uudet verhot olohuoneeseen.
He/she put new curtains in the living room.

Minä menen torille.
I go to the marketplace.

Laitan leivän pöydälle.
I put the bread on the table.

 

When an action is happening inside a location, use the endings -ssa, -sta and the vowel + n. When it is happening outside, on, or next to a location, use the endings –lla, -lta and -lle:

laatikossa
in a box

ostoskeskuksessa
in a shopping centre

pöydällä
on the table

torilla
on the marketplace

 

The endings for Finnish cities must be learned by heart:

Helsingissä
Turussa
Oulussa
Jyväskylässä
Kuopiossa
Espoossa

Tampereella
Vantaalla
Seinäjoella
Pieksämäellä
Rovaniemellä

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Beginning 3.5 Use of locative cases
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